Mediation (Latin: “mediation”) is an out-of-court form of resolving conflicts. What is particularly characteristic of it is that those involved in a conflict try to find their own solutions on their own responsibility. They are supported by an independent third party (the mediator) who – unlike a judge – has no decision-making authority. What characterizes the mediator is her ability to conduct structured negotiations, with which she guides the parties in finding usually quick and flexible, sometimes even more cost-effective, arrangements from which everyone involved benefits. The interests of those involved are taken into account, blockade situations are broken, and mutual communication is made possible again. Mediation is an old idea for resolving conflicts whose roots can be traced back well over 2,000 years.